Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. 

Causes

There are various types and causes of goiter. In underdeveloped parts of the world, it is often brought on by a lack of iodine in the diet.

Less commonly, goiter is caused by substances in the food or water that increase the likelihood of iodine deficiency.

Symptoms

The hallmark of goiter is swelling in or disfigurement of the neck. The swollen area is usually painless, but can be bothersome and psychologically disturbing due to its appearance.

Treatment

Once dietary supplementation of iodine is re-established, most cases of thyroid problems usually improve. Unfortunately, the thyroid gland remains enlarged.

Removing all or part of your thyroid gland  is an option if you have a large goiter that is uncomfortable or causes difficulty breathing or swallowing. Surgery is also the treatment for thyroid cancer. If the thyroid gland is removed, you'll need to take thyroid tablets for the rest of your life to replace the missing natural supply.