Definition

     Bursitis is inflammation of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) that lies between a tendon and skin, or between a tendon and bone. The condition may be acute or chronic.

Causes

• Overuse of a joint

• Trauma

• Infection

• Arthritic conditions

Symptoms

• Pain on joint movement

• Pain onset fairly sudden

Screening and Diagnosis

1. X-Rays only to rule out other causes

2. Ultrasound for a Baker's cyst, as it can mimic other conditions, such as blood clots in the leg

Treatment

• Local ice

• Rest from activities involving the joint

• Take anti-inflammatories

• Corticosteroid injection if above three treatments fail

• Ruptured Baker's cyst
   

  1. Rest

  2. Leg elevation

  3. Corticosteroid injection

Complications

• Chronic bursitis may occur.

• Too many steroid injections over a short period of time can cause injury to the surrounding tendons.

Prevention

     To help prevent bursitis or reduce the severity of flare-ups:

• Stretch your muscles. Warm up or stretch before physical activity.

• Strengthen your muscles. Strengthening can help protect your joints. Wait until the pain and inflammation are gone before starting to exercise a joint that has bursitis.

• Take frequent breaks from repetitive tasks. Alternate repetitive tasks with rest or other activities.

• Cushion your joint. Use cushioned chairs, foam for kneeling or elbow pads. Avoid resting your elbows on hard surfaces. Avoid shoes that don't fit properly or that have worn-down heels.

• Don't sit still for long periods. Get up and move about frequently.

• Practice good posture. For example, avoid leaning on your elbows.

     If your bursitis is caused by a chronic underlying condition, such as arthritis, it may recur despite these preventive measures.